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Table of contents
Introduction: Nature magazine book review
Most genuine secrets ironically remain secret
EMR mind control weapons: one of the deepest secrets of the nation
Mind control is controversial and would be very a classified weapons program: “vigorous protection of one nonnegotiable premise” - freedom of thought
'Misguided' or real: government mind control victims
No thorough or impartial investigations
An old scientific con game: if there is no scientific theory then there are no proven health effects
EMR mind control weapons more powerful than the atomic bomb
Technological obstacles can be overcome
The government cover story: if there are no proven EMR bioeffects then there are no EMR weapons
Why so much government disinformation on EMR bioeffects?
A global EMR arms race: U.S. with Russia, China and India catching up
Cold War/post Cold War weaponeers culture: how the government cover story is so successfully carried out
Scientific con game II: EMR bioeffects scientific evidence but no theory and no mention that the theory could be classified
An unanticipated finding: a reasonable probability of advanced mind control weapons developed by the U.S.
No human subject protections in classified research: a case of the highest levels of government acting above the law and paying lip service
National security: utilitarian judgments at the highest levels of U.S. government
Treaties, laws and proposed legislation on EMR weapons
Lessons not learned, Dr. Strangelove, Or: How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love The Bomb
Summary
Many experts are claiming that mind control weapons will be developed in the twenty-first century and public debate and government oversight are called for. New research and information is now available. A thank you to Dr. Moreno for opening up a debate on brain research and national defense and for addressing the alleged government mind control victims in a nonjudgmental way. In his 2006 book, Mind Wars: Brain Research and National Defense, Moreno concluded there are no advanced government mind control weapons. This paper presents a counterargument and the rarely heard fifty year history and facts indicating the likelihood of already developed, advanced mind control weapons.
The consequences are serious. The public knew of the immense power of the atomic bomb and could debate and protest. The very classified advanced EMR weapons are known to be in development but are completely surrounded in government denials, cover stories and disinformation. No solid facts from the government have been forthcoming. The public has a right to be concerned now.
Moreno is an ethicist, not an investigative reporter and he reported on the overwhelming consensus; that mind control is a conspiracy theory. Moreno failed to look beyond the common assumptions, interview impartial experts or analyze the comprehensive information required to come to a reliable conclusion. Instead he relied on very entrenched assumptions and overlooked important but hard to find information. Moreno was misled by the national security bully pulpit and government control of research on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) mind control weapons. How will the public find out about mind control weapons when they are developed?
This is a summary of a complex issue and facts and citations are included in the paper below. EMR mind control weapons are one of the deepest secrets of the nation and advanced EMR mind control weapons would be more powerful than the atomic bomb, according to experts. In the Cold War era, major nations developed EMR weapons in total secrecy, without public input. In the post Cold War era, the U.S. has gone public with some of it's EMR weapons programs and the EMR arms race has spread mainly from the U.S. and Russia, to China and India.
Moreno wrote that he should have heard leaks about any long running government mind control program but he did not, so there must not be one. But Moreno is an ethicist, not an insider and he did not interview secrecy experts who agree that many insiders know of national security secrets held at the executive branch level. But there are rarely serious leaks of information and the public almost always remains in the dark. New facts continue to support the likelihood that advanced and very classified EMR mind control weapons have already been developed.
Moreno and others believe the lack of scientific theories and deployment of EMR weapons is proof that there are no advanced mind control weapons. But there are several indication of successful research and weapons. For example, there are hard to find, scientifically sound, general EMR-based mind control theories and successful demonstrations of EMR bioeffects research. Over the decades, there has also been the continuous discovery of ‘new’ mind reading technologies and EMR weapons but this is always followed by a government classification of the ‘new’ research as secret, so that mind control has remained a national security secret going back to the 1960s.
A commonly used scientific delay tactic
Moreno discussed the belief held by many that since there is no worldwide consensus on a mind control theory, there couldn't be advanced mind control weapons. But the claim of a lack of a theory is an old, misleading, inaccurate but very effective scientific delay tactic. This tactic involves claiming a scientific certainty when there is none. A scientific theory is not essential for making scientific findings or discoveries. In addition, the empirical scientific method is defined as using trial and error or experience rather than theory and is a well accepted scientific method.
For example, tobacco companies suppressed known health effects linked to smoking for decades in order to maintain their profits and avoid lawsuits. In the 1950s, medical doctors observed serious health problems found mostly in their smoking patients. For years tobacco companies claimed there was no direct cause and effect evidence and no theory on which to base the doctor's claims. In 1994, tobacco company executives lied under oath to Congress, stating they didn't believe cigarettes caused cancer or were addictive. Tobacco company documents contradicted their testimony. For decades, tobacco companies had successfully employed several, misleading, scientific delay tactics, for example, discounting empirical evidence, suppressing unfavorable research and blatant lying.
Another example of this scientific delay tactic is the analogy to Cold War scientists who controlled scientific information surrounding the atomic bomb. Government scientists claimed a lack of scientific proof for a causal connection to alleged ill health effects and denied known health risks from ionizing radiation. Government studies and documents on radiation health risks were not publicly available. Today, declassified government documents show that the government suppressed government documents and studies that proved otherwise. In the 1994 book Myths of August: A Personal Exploration of Our Tragic Cold War Affair with the Atom, Stewart Udall described his unsuccessful legal battles with the U.S. government over scientific evidence and classified government documents. Publisher's Weekly stated;
Above-ground nuclear bomb tests in Nevada after WW II made human guinea pigs of civilians living downwind in several western states, as later revealed by thousands of cases of radiation-induced cancer, childhood leukemia, burns and birth defects. In an expose of the government's decades-long policy of public deception concerning the hazards of radiation, Udall, secretary of the interior under JFK and LBJ and a former congressman from Arizona, condemns the U.S. nuclear testing program as a violation of the Nuremberg Code. He also describes his protracted struggle as a lawyer, beginning in 1979, representing the widows of Navajo uranium miners who developed cancer.
One final example, the U.S. military withheld information about possible links between Agent Orange and birth defects, and downplayed the defoliant's link to cancer. This was reported in the Sacramento Bee November 1, 1998, page A4.
Now this same scientific delay tactic can be seen in Cold War EMR bioeffects research and this has contributed to a lack of agreement on a scientific theory for how EMR bioeffects work or even if there are EMR bioeffects. One noted expert stated that EMR scientific uncertainty can be shown to be a result of industry and government inactions and policy. Simply put, the U.S. military wanted to keep EMR weapons secret. During the Cold War era, the government's cover story was; if there are "no proven EMR bioeffects then there are no EMR weapons." The government cited national security concerns to some EMR scientists who then cooperated and this cover story was successfully circulated publicly.
Moreno, like most experts do not report on Cold War/post Cold War EMR research and weapons history. This history is important because several human rights experts, military and civilian authorities, and top government science advisors claim that the bioeffects of EMR are a scientific basis for some EMR weapons and a biological basis of some brain function. Therefore, very powerful mind control weapons are scientifically feasible. Moreno and most experts state that decoding the brain is decades into the future and this fact virtually eliminates the possibility of the current development of advanced EMR mind control weapons. But Moreno does not explore the possibility that a brain theory could be classified. And scientific evidence of the bioeffects and psychological effects of EMR have never been disproven.
This could be all disinformation as Moreno believes. Moreno pointed out in his book that government funding of research does not prove anything. But what would account for this sweeping government effort surrounding EMR bioeffects research and weapons by major nations in the world since the 1960s and the escalating efforts in the post Cold War era? Not surprisingly the public is rarely informed of the Cold War history of the East/West continuous funding of EMR weapons research. Russian classified mind control programs were revealed only as a result of the monumental event of the breakup of the Soviet Union. Mainstream press does not write of the post Cold War revelation of a flip flop on the U.S. policy for EMR bioeffects and subsequent ‘new’ funding of EMR bioeffects weapons research. Taken as a whole, the evidence suggests a reasonable probability of advanced mind control weapons developed by the U.S.
The evidence is clear that the systematic and misleading government scientific tactics are continuing today. The question becomes whether as a democracy, we want to allow this pattern continue in the name of national security. The denials from some experts that there are no health risks from EMR and there are no EMR weapons to worry about have completely overpowered any counterargument. There is a new post Cold War, patronizing and paternalistic campaign by some top scientists to stop ‘bad’ or fringe science and to save government money. These scientists are recommending that 'needless' EMR bioeffects research be discontinued, based on the claim that health effects have not been conclusively demonstrated. The campaign is extremely disingenuous, dishonest and egregious, given the known EMR bioeffects controversy and history which these scientists fail to mention. The counterargument and evidence today is undeniable but top scientists still deny vigorously and some use personal attacks rather than arguing on the scientific merits. This is science at its worst.
It will be up to the public to recognize the deceptive scientific tactics and the overwhelmingly powerful national security scientific culture. Top scientists such as the atomic weaponeers lied about radiation exposure health effects. Any trust in public and government officials has been lost and ought to be continuously questioned. In the case of EMR weaponeers, exposure of any ongoing unethical behaviors and the weak rationalization that this behavior is necessary for national security does not hold up in a democracy. Certainly, cigarette company executives, and also scientists who conducted the nonconsensual radiation experiments have not been judged harshly enough for the large numbers whose health was affected.
Cold War and new post Cold War EMR history
The public has rarely been told the following key facts of EMR history. The 1984 BBC TV documentary, Opening Pandora's Box, explained how EMR health standards were set in the 1950s;
The safety standards for electromagnetic radiation, EMR, were set higher in the 1950s to allow the military to have unlimited use of EMR technology. At the time, American science reports suggesting EMR health effects of brain tumors, heart conditions, leukemia, cataracts and more, were ignored. The military was a major source of funding and reports were not followed up. The government safety levels for EMR were challenged in courts all around the world.
Microwave News, a journal on nonionizing radiation, for example, reported that radar men opposed microwave tower EMR health dangers. Air traffic controllers and police officers filed complaints. These court cases revolved around the validity of the safety standard. Dr. Milton Zaret, another Pandora scientist explained that most government committees who set the safety standards around the world were set up the in the same way as in the U.S. Members of the committee did not want to impede or put restraints on progress by tightening the safety standards for EMR. [The 1960s Project Pandora was run by the department of defense to determine if there were bioeffects from the microwave bombardment of the U.S. embassy by the Russians.]
The U.S. government wanted to avoid costly lawsuits and to be able to develop EMR technologies such as radar systems that were considered essential for national security. The EMR bioeffects scientific uncertainty and also opposing US/Russian scientific views on nonthermal effects of EMR continued into the 1980s. The official government position on EMR bioeffects never varied during the Cold War. Some experts still cite this position even as scientific evidence from U.S. military sources now refutes the old government stance. For example, Richard Garwin is a member of the JASONs, a high-level group of physicists, whose advice is usually classified and routinely sought by the Department of Defense. He coauthored the 1999 and 2004 Council on Foreign Relations, (CFR) reports on nonlethal weapons. In reply to email questions in 2005, he stated; ". . . In my analyses of the effect of radiowaves on people, I have never found any significant effect other than heating of the tissues. . . . So I don't think there is much in the threat of electromagnetic signals to control or disorient people by the effect on the human brain.”
Dr. Robert O. Becker conducted research on EMR bioeffects from the 1950s-1980s and was a two time Nobel prize nominee for his EMR bioeffects research. He provided a rarely stated and startling new explanation for that time. In the 1984 BBC documentary, Opening Pandora’s Box, Becker claimed;
The U.S. may very well not have any [secret EMR weapons] program whatsoever. On the other hand, it is equally valid to have such a program being conducted in even greater secrecy than the Manhattan Project was conducted. And the best cover story I could think of for that would be for the U.S. to portray itself to the rest of the world, as a nation that was discarding the possibility of EMR weapons, entirely, based upon its best scientific evidence.
In the post Cold War era, the U.S. belief that EMR bioeffects are significant and extensive is indicated by official policy and statements, and funding of the EMR weapons research. With the breakup of the Soviet Union, the Pentagon publicly unveiled the nonlethal weapons program including weapons based on nonthermal EMR bioeffects. Now the U.S. policy that there are “no proven nonthermal EMR bioeffects” took a 180 degree turn. The July 7, 1997 US News and World Report, Wonder Weapons article confirmed;
For hundreds of years, sci-fi writers have imagined weapons that might use energy waves or pulses to know out, knock down, or otherwise disable enemies-without necessarily killing them. And for a good 40 years the U.S. military has quietly been pursuing weapons of this sort. Much of this work is still secret, and it has yet to produce a usable 'nonlethal' weapon. . . . Scores of new contracts have been let, and scientists, aided by government research on the 'bioeffects' of beamed energy, are searching the electromagnetic and sonic spectrums for wavelengths that can affect human behavior. . . .
Here is a 2006 article describing current military interest in EMR nonthermal bioeffects weapons research and that EMR weapons are scientifically feasible and would likely be successful. The article reported on U.S. Air Force-sponsored weapons research and disputed the U.S. government’s long held 'heating only' theory of EMR. The Russian research described below would indicate that the U.S., for national security reasons, would also have developed EMR weapons. But the reporter was skeptical of already developed EMR weapons, almost certainly because he is unaware of the history of the EMR bioeffects controversy. November 24, 2006, Defense Tech, Directed Energy, US Bioelectromagnetic Weapons Research by David Hambling, posted at www.defensetech.org;
Could new weapons stun or paralyze with a beam of radio energy? I have discussed proposals for 'bioelectromagnetic weaponry' in Defence Tech before, here and here, but for the first time details are emerging of Air Force-sponsored work in this field. This report, entitled "Interdisciplinary research project to explore the potential for developing non- lethal weapons based on radiofrequency/microwave bioeffects" -- states their goal:
Our research is to lay the foundation for developing non-lethal stunning/immobilizing weaponry based on radiofrequency (RF)/microwave(MW) radiation by identifying RF/MW parameters potentially capable of selectively altering exocytosis, the process underlying neurotransmitter release and hence nervous system functioning.
. . .The researchers at the University of Nevada have concluded that non-thermal effects of RF do exist and may be harnessed. In an abstract here (on page 317)- a study of Non-Thermal effects of RF Radiation on Exocytosis - states "The effects of RF exposure on catecholamine release that have been observed to date cannot be explained by an increase in temperature."
And there's more. Other work by the same team, is described here. It will also support a DEPSCoR- funded program that extends those studies to include microwave frequencies and to explore the effect of pulsed and CW RE/microwave exposure on skeletal muscle contractility. The suggestion is that a correctly tuned beam of microwaves (possibly pulsed or modulated) would be able to interfere with skeletal muscles. This might ultimately give a means of producing the same sort of non-lethal effects as a Taser -- but potentially from much greater range and over a wide area.
So far, the work has been entirely on 'in vitro' cell samples in the laboratory, and only modest alterations in cell function have been produced. This is a very long way from being able to actually influence a living creature. Any suggestion that this sort of weapon has already been fielded by the US should be treated with skepticism.
Everything is in very early stages in the US program. But, as I mentioned a while back, the Russians have been looking at this technology for years. Dr. Vitaly N. Makukhin of the Trymas Center in Moscow has published papers on "Electronic equipment for complex influence on biological objects" which he claims can produce effects including "disorder of the autonomic nervous system." Few people have taken him seriously in the West before. Now that the same sort of effects are being confirmed in US labs, perhaps we will start taking more of an interest in what this type of weapon may be able to do.
In the post Cold War era, a new public campaign to close down the EMR bioeffects research effort is based on the premise that EMR bioeffects or health effects have not been conclusively demonstrated. The outcome is that EMR bioeffects research will be conducted for the most part as classified research, as it has since the 1960s. The public will continue to be unaware of the very classified EMR mind control weapons.
The EMR scientific research and weapons culture
Largely unknown to the public, systematic tactics were used to successfully carry out the government cover story of only heating effects and no proven bioeffects from EMR. Eileen Welsome, Pulitzer prize-winning reporter and author of the 1999 book, The Plutonium Files: America's Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War wrote about the atomic bomb scientific culture from the 1940s to the 1990s. The very same utilitarian culture is present in the Cold War and post Cold War EMR scientific culture and is documented in detail below. The methodical and systematic tactics were very successful in promoting the atomic bomb, preventing costly lawsuits that claimed health effects from radiation exposure, and questionably, protecting national security. Welsome’s description provided a key explanation for how the U.S. government national security science policy is actually carried out. Welsome wrote;
Many scientists couldn’t accept the idea that they or their peers had committed any wrongs. They maintained their belief that the ends they had pursued justified the means they used, expressed little or no remorse for the experimental subjects, and continued to bash . . . the media for blowing the controversy out of proportion. . . . A few of the experiments increased scientific understanding and led to new diagnostic tools, while others were of questionable scientific value . . . [There was a] pervasive deception that the doctors, scientists, and military officials routinely engaged in even before the first bomb had been detonated. General Leslie Groves [head of the Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bomb] lied egregiously when he testified to Congress in 1945 about radiation effects of the bomb.
“A pleasant way to die,” he said-fully aware of . . . [what happened to the Japanese victims and in a fatal laboratory accident.] Stafford Warren [director of the Manhattan Project’s Medical Section] downplayed the fatalities and lingering deaths in Japan. . . . During the war, the bomb makers believed that lawsuits would jeopardize the secrecy of the project. After the war they worried that lawsuits would jeopardize the continued development of nuclear weapons . . . The weaponeers recognized that they would have to allay the public’s fear of atomic weapons in order to keep the [US plutonium] production plants operating . . . This meant an aggressive propaganda campaign about the “friendly atom” and the suppression of all potentially negative stories about health hazard related to atomic energy . . .
AEC officials routinely suppressed information about environmental contamination caused by weapons plants . . . The fact is, the Manhattan Project veterans and their protégés controlled virtually all the information. They sat on the boards that set radiation standards, consulted at meetings where further human experimentation was discussed, investigated nuclear accidents, and served as expert witnesses in radiation injury cases.
Public awareness
As shown below, a few new laws and treaties on EMR weapons have passed and this is another of many indications that EMR weapons are a real concern. Still, discussions have been crippled by secrecy, suppression of information and a lack of support.
In the case of EMR bioeffects research and EMR weapons development, the U.S. government controlled the research funding and a utilitarian EMR scientific culture enabled systematic scientific tactics to be carried out in order to maintain EMR weapons as one of the deepest secrets of the nation. As a result, the public is in the dark about the next generation of powerful EMR weapons after the atomic bomb. But a small handful of outspoken critics like Becker, Brodeur, Adey, Slesin, Lopatin, Arkin and others have published hard to find information on EMR bioeffects science and weapons in the Cold War and now post Cold War era.
The government’s cover story of the lack of proven EMR bioeffects has been the result of extensive and questionable government scientific tactics in the name of national security. Becker was right about an EMR Manhattan project. The U.S. government will never admit to government mind control weapons, although the tell tale signs are present. What EMR bioeffects are so important to merit this long history?
The U.S. military is not a reliable source of information on EMR mind control research and weapons because their primary goal is to protect national security. Where can the public go for reliable answers? Public input, debate, and government accountability and oversight are a part of the checks and balances in a democracy. For example, because reliable documented information on brain research and national security for the public is lacking, requests for a GAO or Government Accounting Office report on the new brain technologies and weapons could be requested from Congress.
No effective legal protections for nonconsensual secret experiments
The public should also be very concerned because the development of the atomic bomb involved extensive nonconsensual human experimentation that was thought to be essential for protecting national security. A 1994 congressional hearing reported that “nearly half a million Americans were subjected to some kind of Cold War era tests,” often without being informed and without their consent. The widely-held belief by Moreno and most experts is that secret mind control experiments couldn’t happen today. It is true that experimentation law is well grounded in constitutional and international law. But effective laws have not been implemented despite past secret human experiment scandals including radiation experiments. Current federal regulations do not provide legal remedies for victims or punishments for intelligence agency scientists, although the department of defense has adopted better rules and regulations.
The current ineffective legal protections are caused in part by a very powerful but silent Cold War culture based on the belief that human experiments are the only feasible means to achieve essential national security goals. This culture overwhelms the majority consensus of advocates for human subject protections whose rhetoric is well-accepted but who fail or are unable to act in any meaningful way.
Given the strong consensus for protecting national security at all costs, it is highly likely that the current regulations will also prove ineffective in reality. For example, it is well documented that congressional laws were passed to retroactively eliminate government contractor liability for radiation experiments, court rulings were interpreted to severely limit government liability, and government lawyers and scientists suppressed scientific evidence of the health effects from exposure to radiation. The government won most legal cases brought by victims. In past CIA mind control experiments, the CIA had the approval from the very top levels of government to use any means necessary and the CIA acted above the law. No one was punished and almost all victims of LSD experiments lost their legal battles. Moreno and most experts do not give any weight to this paradox.
A thorough, impartial investigation
Moreno wrote that since writing his 1999 book Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans, he has received a huge volume of letters and calls from victims claiming nonconsensual government mind control experiments. So much so that Moreno wrote extensively of the problem in his new book Mind Wars. But Moreno made the very common mistake of not seeing beyond the 'crazy sounding' testimonies of alleged government mind control victims. Mainstream press and now Moreno and the neuroscience community have dismissed the claims as conspiracy theories without a thorough and impartial investigation. Moreno’s did not present the required balanced debate needed to reach such an unequivocal conclusion. The public is left to ponder a complex and controversial issue with little hard evidence and Moreno’s professional beliefs and opinions which lack sufficient supporting evidence. The fallacies and bias in Moreno’s reasoning are too serious to disregard.
Moreno wrote that there is no evidence of ongoing government mind control experiments today. Sufficient hard evidence will always be lacking for this issue. Classified weapons programs are surrounded in government denials, disinformation and cover stories and predictably, a lack of hard evidence. It becomes irresponsible to wait for hard evidence or government admissions before investigating further.
Investigating claims of alleged illegal mind control experiments can be made in light of this little known and now more complete picture of the long history of international EMR bioeffects weapons research and the very successful and documented U.S. government methods, tactics and illegalities used in the development of EMR bioeffects weapons. The counterarguments to Moreno's reasoning and conclusion provide a solid basis for a call for a thorough impartial investigation. A 60 minute-style investigation is needed because of the growing numbers of mind control allegations. Based on these findings, much more research and information is called for.
Section 1
Introduction:
Nature magazine book reviewCheryl Welsh is cited in Mind Wars: Brain Research and National Defense by Jonathan D. Moreno, Ph.D. On page ix, “Acknowledgements Mind Wars grew out of a wide variety of conversations and experiences. Among those who provide me with specific assistance on problems I confronted as I explored this largely uncharted territory were . . . [list of seventeen names including Cheryl Welsh].” For a book review, see Nature, Vol 443, 26 October 2006 page 911, Battlefield Between the Ears by Charles Jennings.
A generally positive Nature magazine book review described a few minor problems; "One weakness of the book is that Moreno’s treatment of technical issues is sometimes superficial. . . . The book is a fascinating read despite these reservations, but it still left me wondering, is this stuff for real?" Moreno concluded that it is the nation to develop serious neuroweapons in the 21st century that will dominate. Jennings disagreed, citing the failure of technology fixes in the Iraq war. Jennings wrote; "It is not obvious how a new generation of brain-based weapons would represent more than an incremental gain." Moreno concluded classified mind control weapons do not seem to be advanced today.
Moreno’s book is highly influential and will reach a wide audience. I highly recommend this fascinating account because it provided an extremely interesting overview of national security and brain science and contains new analysis and information. For the first time, a widely disseminated book included several references to government mind control allegations and a detailed, nonjudgmental evaluation. Most can agree that mind control weapons are classified but how advanced are they? Is mind control just science fiction and a conspiracy theory or the next weapon of mass destruction and one of the deepest secrets of the nation?
On page 107, Moreno wrote;
For years, I have corresponded with several very bright and highly functional people who are absolutely sure that at some time or another they have been the victim of mind control experiments by a government agency. Once I asked one of them if anything would alter her view about this; she acknowledged that probably nothing would, such is her certainty about her victimization by surreptitious forces. My own experience with government-on the staffs of presidential advisory committees, in congressional testimony, and so forth-makes me doubt that such experiments could be kept quiet for decades. Our government just isn't that airtight. So I'm no conspiracy theorist.
He wrote that "there are thousands" who contact him because they believe they are victimized by government mind control experiments. Moreno believes they are "misguided" and many of them "associate their ideas with conspiracy theories."
Since the 1960s, the growing numbers of alleged victims have been stereotyped without further investigation in large part because the mind control claims sound so overwhelmingly like science fiction and symptoms of mental illness. Victims report remote dream and memory manipulation, hearing voices that nobody else can hear,(microwave hearing can create voices in the head and is a known military technology), remote control bodily functions or pain that can be turned on or off in an instant, in any part of the body, and more. Moreno followed suit and only superficially investigated the possibility of human surveillance beyond battlefield distances and advanced mind reading. National security and neuroscience are complex subjects and reliable information so necessary for a balanced viewpoint is scarce.
A serious investigation into government activity and national security areas would be necessary to come to a reliable conclusion on how advanced mind control weapons are likely to be and on the possibility of current clandestine mind control experiments. The counterarguments presented below challenge widely-held assumptions held by Moreno and most people. The counterarguments are more convincing than one would guess at first glance.
Section 2
Most genuine secrets ironically remain secretMoreno is addressing a sophisticated audience of neuroscientists about a very controversial topic, mind control. The Nature reviewer described the dilemma of a lack of reliable technical sources and an abundance of questionable information;
Some of the ideas discussed here -such as brain scanning at a distance, or memory augmentation through hippocampal implants- fall close to the fine line separating the visionary from the crackpot, and a more critical examination of the border territory would have been welcome. Moreno recognizes the outright nonsense as such, but an over-reliance on popular news stories rather than technical sources sometimes leads him to give outlandish ideas more credence than they deserve.
If the government had secret mind control weapons, the technical papers and scientific theories would be classified and the government's national security bully pulpit would disseminate rumors, disinformation and denials. Moreno did find extensive classified government-sponsored neuroscience research and he wrote about the disinformation surrounding mind control weapons. Steve Aftergood, a highly regarded secrecy expert explained that excessive use of government cover stories is routine. In the Bulletin of Atomic Scientist article entitled, The Soft-Kill Fallacy, September/October, 1994, he wrote;
The government secrecy system as a whole is among the most poisonous legacies of the Cold War. . . . the Cold war secrecy system also mandates active deception. . . . A security manual for special access programs [SAPs] authorizes contractors to employ 'cover stories' to disguise their activities. The only condition is that 'cover stories must be believable'. Even the government is starting to recognize that official cover and deception programs are getting out of hand and need to be curtailed.
The cover story for mind control weapons seems to be that they are science fiction or don't work. For example, Jon Ronson, author of the 2005 New York Times reviewed book Men Who Stare at Goats wrote on page 53;
Colonel Alexander has been a special advisor to the Pentagon, the CIA, the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and NATO. He is also one of Al Gore's oldest friends. He is not completely retired from the military. A week after I met him, he flew to Afghanistan for four months to act as a "special advisor." When I asked him who he was advising and on what, he wouldn't tell me."
On page 200 of his book, Ronson wrote; “Colonel Alexander has spent a lifetime in the world of plausible deniability and I think he's got to the stage where he just trots these things out.” Page 201 continues with a question to Alexander about frequencies and psycho-correction devices and he replied, "This is not something that has been brought up or addressed, and we have covered the waterfront of nonlethal technologies." "We are not warping people's brains or monitoring people or da da da da da. It's just nonsense."
Here is a typical official government position. In the December 17-23, 2001 Defense News, , Israel Fields Means to Suppress Palestinian Violence Barbara Opall-Rome reported;
. . . In a Dec. 9 interview marking the close of his four-year term at the helm of Israel's formidable defense research and development sector, Ben-Israel, [Major General Isaac Ben-Israel] said his directorate explored different scientific and phenomenological fields-including mind control- in attempts to contain and deter terrorist activity. "We invested in this for a few years . . . but we determined that it was not effective," Ben-Israel said of mind control methods, many of which were developed by military and security agencies of the former Soviet Union.
Everyone can agree that if government mind control was an effective weapon, officials would never admit it. Since the break up of the Soviet Union, information on Russian mind control became available although as in the U.S., no government documents or proof of mind control weapons other than circumstantial evidence were ever publicly confirmed.
The public is not likely to find out about any possible advanced and classified government mind control programs. "Most genuine secrets ironically remain secret" explained William Arkin, a military weapons expert and author of the 2005 book Code Names Deciphering U.S. Military Plans, Programs, and Operations in the 9/11 World. His book was reviewed by the New York Review of Books. Arkin described the current secrecy system;
"As I have learned in compiling this directory, most genuine secrets ironically remain secret. . . . Yet Abu Ghraib is like every other national security surprise: We cannot know who the players are or what they are up to until after disaster strikes." Arkin listed disasters including
". . . domestic spying operations, illegal weapons developments, and human experimentation." Some nonlethal weapons like blinding lasers were
classified at some of the highest levels of secrecy only because the weapons are repugnant. Arkin reported that all can agree there is a lack of effective oversight, particularly in Congress.In a January 27th, 2005 Democracy Now interview, Arkin reported extensive government retaliatory actions for a book he wrote, even though it contained only unclassified information. Few experts are willing to write about classified research if there is a likelihood of government reprisals. Arkin stated;
"I wrote a book in the 1980's that revealed where all the nuclear weapons were around the world. The Reagan administration was not very happy about it and came down on me pretty hard. And --
Amy Goodman: How?
William Arkin: Well, they threatened to throw me in jail. And it took many months of negotiations with the Reagan administration to convince them that I had not used any access to classified information in order to compile that book. That was the key that they would have used as the excuse to put me in jail. So it took many, many months to do that. It was quite a hairy time.
The methods for keeping national security secrets out of the public eye have been well developed and are extensive. The May 3rd, 1992 Washington Post article by George Lardner reported on a 1992 CIA report entitled Greater CIA Openness. Director Joseph DeTrani stated; " PAO [CIA's Public Affairs Office] now has relationships with reporters from every major wire service, newspaper, news weekly and television network in the nation," the report said. "This has helped us turn some 'intelligence failure' stories into 'intelligence success stories, and it has contributed to the accuracy of countless others." "In many instances," the report continued, "we have persuaded reporters to postpone, change, hold or even scrap stories that could have adversely affected national security interests or jeopardized sources and methods . . . "
Here is a more recent example. On the April 13, 2003, CSPAN Booknotes program, Philip Taubman, a New York Times editor stated;
. . . if you stumble or learn about something that's particularly sensitive, the government will sometimes come to news organizations. . . . They've done it with the Washington Post and they'll say please don’t publish that and, on occasion, we will agree with that to protect the security of the country.
According to Daniel Ellsberg, a top Pentagon official, who leaked the Pentagon Papers in the 1970s, the successful keeping of secrets is a routine occurrence. Ellsberg commented that "thousands of insiders" know secrets. "But the fact is that the overwhelming majority of secrets do not leak to the American public." In Ellsberg's 2002 book Secrets, A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers, page 43, he explained;
It is a commonplace [belief] that "you can't keep secrets in Washington" or "in a democracy". . . These truisms are flatly false. They are in fact cover stories, ways of flattering and misleading journalists and their readers, part of the process of keeping secrets well. . . . But the fact is that the overwhelming majority of secrets do not leak to the American public." . . . The reality unknown to the public and to most members of Congress and the press is that secrets [that] would be of the greatest import to many of them can be kept from them reliably for decades by the executive branch, even though they are known to thousands of insiders.
Neuroscientists who conduct secret research rarely discuss anything publicly. A Dana Press interview with Moreno posted at http://www.dana.org/news/mindwars102406.cfm explained;
In the book, there's some careful writing about talking to people and the source of your material. Were people unwilling to talk to you?
I really consider myself a member of the establishment, and I think by any fair measure I am, but I did find that -- unlike physicists whom I've spoken with about the social issues in nuclear physics, or these days, increasingly, biologists who worry about biosecurity -- people who work in neuroscience, at least the people that I spoke to, were very reluctant to talk for the record. And I think there are a number of reasons for that.
Part of it is because scientists generally don't want to say something stupid and jeopardize a funding source. Part of it also is that some of them are working in "secured circumstances" -- they're not just working for DARPA, which is not a spy agency, but they're working for spy agencies and they didn't want to stumble and say the wrong thing. Part of it also is that, in general, scientists think they're the smartest guys in the room, and even believe that -- and I pretty much got this reaction from a couple of people -- "Well, this agency, I don't know what their goal is but they're funding important research that's going to help people and I don't think I'm doing anything that's going to be a problem downstream."
Weapons comparable to the atomic bomb are classified as the deepest secrets of the nation. The methods employed by the U.S. government to accomplish this goal are extensive. The numerous secrecy experts cited above illustrate how the deepest secrets of the nation are successfully kept under wraps. It is unlikely that the public will find out when the government has developed advanced mind control weapons.
Section 3
EMR mind control weapons:
one of the deepest secrets of the nationMoreno does not write about the area of research in which mind control weapons would likely be found, i.e. the fifty year U.S. classified EMR weapons programs. Louis Slesin is the editor of the trade journal Microwave News. In a 1997 US News and World Report article entitled Wonder Weapons, The Pentagon's quest for nonlethal arms is amazing. But is it smart? Slesin wrote;
[T]he human body is essentially an electrochemical system, and devices that disrupt the electrical impulses of the nervous system can affect behavior and body functions. But these programs--particularly those involving antipersonnel research--are so well guarded that details are scarce. “People [in the military] go silent on this issue,” says Slesin, “more than any other issue. People just do not want to talk about this.”
Insiders were not willing to publicly discuss known but classified antipersonnel weapons research, an indication national security has and will effectively keep mind control weapons classified.
On page 113, Moreno wrote; “just because national security agencies are spending money on them doesn't mean they are a sure thing, but that's often enough to make conspiracy theorists feel vindicated.” Generally speaking that is true but heavily funded and classified government programs running for over fifty years and based on sound general scientific theories are unlikely to be disinformation. The brief history and specific details given below differentiates the funding of serious mind control weapons from disinformation. Mind control areas of research such as EMR weapons were known to be heavily classified since the 1960s.
Moreno and experts do write of numerous brain-related weapons research programs and that this research is heavily classified. Here is a secrecy expert reporting on a long running government weapons program. In the Bulletin of Atomic Scientist, September/October 1994, The Soft-Kill Fallacy, Steven Aftergood wrote; "Details about programs to develop so called "non-lethal "weapons are slowly emerging from the U.S. government's secret "black budget". . . . The concept of non-lethal weapons is not new; the term appears in heavily censored CIA documents dating from the 1960s."
Richard L. Garwin, IBM Fellow Emeritus at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is a co-author of the 1999 and 2004 CFR nonlethal weapons reports. Garwin was a member of the JASONs, a high-level group of physicists, whose advice is usually classified and routinely sought by the Department of Defense. Garwin served on the President's Science Advisory Committee. He was named one of ten Founders of national reconnaissance by the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), scientists who contributed to the founding of this space discipline. Garwin’s views are more critical of nonlethal weapons and more informative than most and is representative of the government position on EMR weapons.
Garwin replied to email questions in January 2005 and concluded; " . . . I have evaluated electromagnetic signals for the Defense Department a number of times. Nevertheless, there are always "compartments" to which even people with high-level security clearances do not have access. . . . "
While nonlethal weapons became better known to the public in the 1990s, Garwin reported there were already developed and highly classified “large programs” in “psychological warfare, information warfare, and nonlethal weapons with strategic potential.” Garwin co-authored the subsequent 2004 CFR report, Nonlethal Weapons and Capabilities which described the ongoing interservice conflicts, the problem of redundancy, a burdensome secrecy system and the lack of accountability for weapons. Here are a few critical excerpts from the reports, again illustrating significant government interest and very large, classified programs, contrary to Moreno's analysis.
The 1999 Council on Foreign Relations, (CFR) report entitled, Non-Lethal Technologies: Progress and Prospects illustrated the already developed and very large classified programs that include neuroscience and nonlethal weapons. The 1999 report is available on the CFR website at http://www.cfr.org/ Thanks to Harlan Girard of International Offensive Against Microwave Weapons for this information. First, the 1999 CFR report excerpt;
Once developed, these weapons [NLW or nonlethal weapons] must be deployed coherently, in synergistic coordination with information/psychological warfare technologies and conventional weaponry. Finally, various NLW programs dispersed throughout the individual services should be coordinated by the existing Joint Nonlethal Weapons Directorate (JNLWD). . . .
And until January 1999, the directorate essentially had no access to joint programs in information warfare or psychological warfare. Nor did its brief extend to Air Force and Navy programs in nonlethal weapons. To reduce barriers between the Joint Nonlethal Weapons Directorate and what are said to be 'large programs' in psychological warfare, information warfare, and nonlethal weapons with strategic potential, a so-called insight program was established. As a result, a few individuals in the directorate now have an overview of these programs. . . .
Recommendations . . . 5. Department of Defense policy for nonlethal weapons is inadequate in practice. The substantial barriers that exist between the Joint Nonlethal Weapons Directorate, with its focus on research and development for tactical applications, and the apparently larger Air Force and Navy classified programs constitute an impediment to the desired single, optimum nonlethal weapons program that is required to exploit the full potential of these weapons and that is mandated by Congress. . . .
In a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) adopted June 23, 1999, the services agreed to "coordinate and integrate the development of all nonlethal weapon programs and activities through the DOD nonlethal weapons Executive Agent." While this seems to be progress, the new MOA codifies restrictions-e.g., "insight, not financial oversight"-and limits access-e.g., "monitor status of service-unique programs through annual status briefings from the responsible service.
The 2004 Council of Foreign Relations report, Nonlethal Weapons and Capabilities is posted here; http://www.cfr.org/. Page 19 of the 2004 Report of an Independent Task Force Sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations, entitled Nonlethal Weapons and Capabilities recommended that skilled engineers and scientists work on directed energy, electromagnetic coupling, modeling and physiology. Page 21 described the lack of access to classified programs such as cyber warfare, electronic and communications warfare, although the legislative mandate required access. Page 25 discussed already existing and much larger classified programs in the individual services that were not accessible to current nonlethal weapons development programs. Page 36 described the recommendation that more access to classified programs be made available so that coordination can take place and redundancy can be avoided.
A 1979 Washington Post article reported that a supersecret CIA mind control program bigger than MKULTRA went on into the 1970s. One of the most influential U.S. scientists, Dr. Edwin Land is best known for his highly successful but classified work on satellite cameras. He also conducted 1960s and 70s CIA mind control research. The NRO recently honored Land, like Garwin, as one of the ten Founders of national reconnaissance. An imagery intelligence expert, Land chaired the Intelligence Subcommittee of the Technology Capabilities Panel. As Chairman of the President's Science Advisory Committee Intelligence Panel, he advised the NRO on new and existing overhead systems.
The CIA's infamous mind control programs and experiments were revealed in 1970s congressional hearings. Classified mind control research took place in over eighty institutions, such as UCLA, MIT, Stanford and Harvard. A January 29, 1979 Washington Post article reported that classified mind control research continued under the direction of Land. The article was entitled Book Disputes CIA Chief on Mind-Control Efforts: Work Went on Into 1970s, Author Says;
Despite assurances last year from Central Intelligence Director Stansfield Turner that the CIA's mind-control program was phased out over a decade ago, the intelligence agency has come up with new documents indicating that the work went on into the 1970s, according to a new book. John Marks, the author of the book, said the CIA mind-control researchers did apparently drop their much publicized MK-ULTRA drug-testing program. But they replaced it, according to Marks, with another supersecret behavioral-control project under the agency's Office of Research and Development.
The ORD program used a cover organization set up in the 1960s outside Boston headed by Dr. Edwin Land, the founder of Polaroid, who acted as a "figurehead," said Marks in his book. The project investigated such research as genetic engineering, development of new strains of bacteria, and mind control. The book identifies the Massachusetts proprietary organization headed by Land as the Scientific Engineering Institute. The CIA-funded institute was originally set up as a radar and technical research company in the 1950s and shifted over to mind-control experiments in the 1960s with the exception of a few scattered programs. According to Marks, however, the ORD program was a full-scale one and just as secret as the earlier MK-ULTRA project. . . .
In a March 14, 1987, Nation magazine editorial, Louis Slesin, editor of Microwave News, wrote; "Experts agree that nonionizing electromagnetic radiation (NIER) can affect behavior, but the question is whether the radiation can be harnessed and used on people at a distance. With its MKULTRA program the C.I.A. began looking for the answer in the early 1950s."
Slesin described the 1979 book, Search for the Manchurian Candidate by John Marks and that Marks filed a freedom of information act (foia) request. The CIA replied that "it had a roomful of files on electromagnetic and related techniques to alter behavior and stimulate the brain." But, "[t]he agency refused to release the papers, and they remain classified." Mind Justice made a similar foia request and the CIA would not release the papers.
There are also more obscure signs of the likelihood of secret government mind control programs. For example, in the November 1990 International Review of the Red Cross, Louise Doswald Beck and Gerald Cauderay wrote about international EMR weapons development. Even though the research is heavily classified, the authors came to a reliable conclusion about the weapons. This is the interpretation by experts that the public needs to know but was absent in Moreno’s analysis.
Research work in this field [EMR weapons] has been carried out in almost all industrialized countries, and especially by the great powers, with a view to using these phenomena for anti-materiel or anti-personnel purposes. . . . In spite of the rarity of publications on this subject, and the fact that it is usually strictly classified information, research undertaken in this field seems to have demonstrated that very small amounts of electromagnetic radiation could appreciably alter the functions of living cells.
Here is another example. As reported in the August 15, 1994 Aviation Week and Space Technology by William Scott, “An industry scientist said that the Army's Research Institute worked on a variety of "neurotechnologies" in the mid-1980s, ostensibly abandoning the program--although there are indications to the contrary. Since these activities were classified, military officers will not comment on the success or failure of such programs.” An educated guess can be made, but Moreno is unconvinced and wrote that one cannot be sure what is classified. Moreno does not err on the side of caution in a situation that calls for an awareness of the conflict between national security and democratic principles. Moreno's skepticism that these are advanced mind control programs is debatable.
Section 4
Mind control is controversial
and would be a very classified weapons program:
“vigorous protection of one nonnegotiable premise” - freedom of thoughtMind control and human surveillance technologies are 'red button' issues. Moreno explained on page 176;
[a] number of the scientists, lawyers, ethicists, and advocates with whom I spoke in the course of writing this book agreed that there had to be vigorous protection of at least one nonnegotiable premise when considering the appropriate security applications of neuroscience. In terms of the law, this principle might be expressed in terms of the protections afforded in the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution regarding self-incrimination; "to be a witness against himself." Philosophically, this can be expressed as the proposition that no one else should be able to decide what goes into my brain or who "reads" it.
But Moreno doesn’t examine the consequences. At the least, if or when the development of advanced mind control weapons takes place, it is hard to imagine any scenario that would survive public outcry. A likely government choice to protect national security would be to develop the weapons as one of the deepest secrets of the nation, surrounded in rumors, disinformation and government denials.
Section 5
'Misguided' or real: government mind control victimsMoreno's book was written to suggest neuroscientists do a better job at educating the public about neuroscience and to consider the ethical implications of their research. It becomes clear why Moreno spent a large part of his book on government mind control allegations and debunked the claim of secret advanced government mind control programs. Moreno warned of the problem that neuroscientists will face in carrying this out; thousands of alleged mind control victims will contact them with letters and calls which the experts won't want to be associated with because it makes their research harder to take seriously.
Moreno does not see the mind control claims as a human rights issue. He does not accept the possibility that mental illness could be a government cover story for illegal mind control experiments. Like most people, he assumed that alleged mind control victims must be 'misguided' or mentally ill for two compelling reasons; many of the victims act and sound like mentally ill people. Secondly, the claims sound fantastical, bizarre and a large number include testimony involving conspiracy theories. Moreno, as with most people, never gets past the assumption of 'misguided' or mentally ill, especially given that his father was a famous psychiatrist. In a Dana Press interview, Moreno explained his viewpoint;
So I have a feeling this is going to change when Mind Wars comes out. I also have a feeling that a lot of people aren't going to be very happy with me.
Why do you say that?
People in bioethics are supposed to be gadflies. We're supposed to point out what's going on. And it's hard to do that without looking like you're playing gotcha. So I kind of bent over backwards in the book not to do that. That's not what I'm interested in doing.
Also, there is a big subculture that believes that their brains are being manipulated by insidious forces. Just today I got an email from somebody who is one of these folks who believes that mind control is going on right now and has been since the Sixties. And I'm sure that many neuroscientists do not want to touch that with a 10-foot pole; they don't want to be identified with any of that stuff. It just makes it a little harder to be taken seriously and it makes it important to be as careful as you can about the way you describe what's going on.
Victims do not have proof of their claims. Victims have been unable to obtain classified government documents. They have been unable to convince experts of their claims and to hire experts for advanced monitoring or shielding for the alleged EMR signals used on them.
Many victims don’t speak out. A few of the alleged victims are mentally ill. The mind control technology could be very advanced and yet unknown and fantastic sounding to the public. And if the allegations are true, articulating a personal experience of targeting by remote and advanced technology would sound bizarre, ‘crazy‘, like a ‘nut case with delusions of persecution’ or resemble science fiction. But here is a 2004 U.S. Air Force (USAF) document that sounds like science fiction and provided a striking match to victim allegations. The doctrine included "Controlled Effects", a military description of EMR weapons as soon as 2020-2050. Notable is the description of remote human targeting of "Controlled Personnel Effects" anywhere in the world via satellite.
The USAF is already funding the "Controlled Effects" research and stated the goals can become a reality. The document was authored by USAF chief scientists, taking it out of the realm of science fiction and conspiracy theory. The doctrine included this statement; "With the advent of directed energy and other revolutionary technologies, the ability to instantaneously project very precise amounts of various types of energy anywhere in the world can become a reality." According to conventional wisdom, classified research is approximately twenty years ahead of unclassified research, another factor in favor of the victim allegations. Here is the full USAF document.
Long-Term Challenges
Fourth in a Series of Articles Addressing Long-Term Challenges from the Air
Force's Air Power Theory and Doctrine.AFRL’s Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB NM, and Munitions Directorate, Eglin AFB FL
Dr. William L. Baker (Chief Scientist) and Dr. Eugene J. Bednarz, of the Air Force Research Laboratory' s Directed Energy Directorate, and Dr. Robert L. Sierakowski (Chief Scientist), of the Air Force Research Laboratory' s Munitions Directorate, wrote this article.
For more information contact TECH CONNECT at (800) 203-6451 or place a request at http://www.afrl.af.mil/techconn/index.htm. Reference document DE-04-01. Article posted at; http://www.afrlhorizons.com/Briefs/Jun04/DE0401.html
Controlled Effects
Scientists Explore the Future of Controlled EffectsThe long-term challenges, formulated as part of the Air Force Science and Technology (S&T) Planning Review, sought to determine the capabilities that the Air Force would need in the 2020 to 2050 time period. The identified capabilities needed to address compelling requirements of the Air Force. They are intended to be high risk endeavors with high payoffs, difficult to attain but probably achievable, and not necessarily linear extensions of ongoing technology development programs. One of the long-term challenges developed as a result of this effort is Controlled Effects.
The Controlled Effects challenge envisions the ability to tailor and deliver the most appropriate type and amount of energy onto targets of military significance to create a particular desired effect. Certainly, military capabilities in this general area have improved through the application of advanced technology research and development. Long-range bombers can strike anywhere on the earth in a matter of hours and have the capability to deliver devastating power. Moreover, laser and Global Positioning System/ inertial guided weapons have demonstrated unprecedented precision during recent military conflicts. The Controlled Effects challenge focuses on new and revolutionary technologies to significantly enhance these capabilities and determine how these technologies could change the face of military conflict over the next 20 to 50 years.
With the advent of directed energy and other revolutionary technologies, the ability to instantaneously project very precise amounts of various types of energy anywhere in the world can become a reality. The Controlled Effects long term technology challenge embodies this vision. Targets of military significance include facilities and equipment, personnel, and communications and information systems. Military commanders want to inflict effects that can be either lethal or nonlethal, and they can be either very localized or dispersed in nature. In general, if it becomes possible to instantaneously put warning energy spots on any target worldwide and then rapidly follow this warning with varying levels of effects, the military commander would possess unparalleled operational flexibility and response. The end result is a significantly enhanced conventional deterrence.
The Controlled Effects long term challenge focuses technology developments in three primary areas (see figure). Measured Global Force Projection looks at the exploitation of electromagnetic and other nonconventional force capabilities against facilities and equipment to achieve strategic, tactical, and lethal and nonlethal force projection around the world. Controlled Personnel Effects investigates technologies to make selected adversaries think and act according to our needs. Dominant Remote Control seeks to control, at a distance, an enemy' s vehicles, sensors, communications, and information systems and manipulate them for military purposes. The S&T Planning Review panel looked first at extending the applications of advanced military technologies currently under development and then at new, revolutionary technologies for their military significance.
Within the Measured Global Force Projection capability, the panel investigated the potential for using electromagnetic and other nonconventional force capabilities to achieve strategic, tactical, lethal, and nonlethal force projection. The electromagnetic spectrum includes lasers, high-power microwaves, and particle-beam weaponry. Nonconventional weapons included loitering micromunitions, variable effects munitions, and environmental energetics. Lasers and high-power microwaves represent the majority of technical research in the directed energy arena, and each has its own set of advantages. Laser weapons are capable of putting a small, very high intensity, very hot spot of light on a target, causing structural damage. High-power microwaves, on the other hand, generally flood target areas with radiation to cause electronic disruption and destruction. By varying the output power, both are capable of graduated effects from denial and disruption of operations at low power to destruction at high power. Both travel at the speed of light, so the effects are nearly instantaneous. Particle beams are another form of directed energy. Particle beam weapons accelerate atomic or subatomic particles, such as electrons or protons, to form high-energy beams. These beams of accelerated particles penetrate to the interior of the targets, causing damage or destruction through a combination of ionizing radiation, shock, and heating.
In the nonconventional arena, loitering micromunitions take advantage of very small-scale combinations of sensing, tagging, and damage mechanisms integrated into units that can be very inconspicuous. Micromunitions will be very small-less than a 6-inch wingspan-and can be equipped with a suite of cameras and two-way communications. They would have the ability to operate surreptitiously in a particular environment and then be called into action when needed to provide target location information, tag targets of interest, or cause required damage. Another concept is variable effects munitions or 'dial-an-effect' weapons. These take advantage of ultrahigh- energy-density materials known as nanoexplosives or, in the very long term, antimatter. Scientists envision variable effects munitions that can accurately deliver an optimal lethality to a broad range of targets. The effects can vary in the type of damage mechanism (e.g., blast/fragment, thermal, or electromagnetic pulse) as well as the magnitude of the energy deposited on the target so that it will be just enough to defeat the target while minimizing collateral damage. And lastly, environmental energetics looks at the possibility of controlling the forces of nature on a local basis to enable the warfighter to disrupt an adversary' s operations. A common nonmilitary example of this is cloud seeding to produce rain, but taking this a step further for military applications might include the initiation of lightning to disrupt communications or destroy electronic systems.
For the Controlled Personnel Effects capability, the S&T panel explored the potential for targeting individuals with nonlethal force, from a militarily useful range, to make selected adversaries think or act according to our needs. Through the application of nonlethal force, it is possible to physically influence or incapacitate personnel. Advanced technologies could enable the warfighter to remotely create physical sensations such as pressure or temperature changes. A current example of this technology is Active Denial, a nonlethal counterpersonnel millimeter wave system that creates a skin heating sensation to repel an individual or group of people without harm.1 By studying and modeling the human brain and nervous system, the ability to mentally influence or confuse personnel is also possible. Through sensory deception, it may be possible to create synthetic images, or holograms, to confuse an individual' s visual sense or, in a similar manner, confuse his senses of sound, taste, touch, or smell. Through cognitive engineering, scientists can develop a better understanding of how an individual' s cognitive processes (pattern recognition, visual conditioning, and difference detection) affect his decisionmaking processes. Once understood, scientists could use these cognitive models to predict a person' s behavior under a variety of conditions with the potential to affect an adversary' s mission accomplishment via a wide range of personnel effects.
As technology has advanced over recent years, most, if not all, systems are controlled by, or include, some form of computer or electronic components. Within the Dominant Remote Control capability, the S&T panel investigated the remote manipulation of adversarial electronic systems to control vehicles, sensors, communications, and information systems. In one scenario, the vision is to take control of enemy offensive and defensive military systems (a spacecraft, aircraft, or ground vehicle) and use them to our advantage. It might be possible to either confuse enemy systems so they would be unable to successfully perform their mission or to take control of enemy systems and remotely manipulate them. In another application, the control and manipulation of an adversary' s communications and information streams would cause confusion or provide false information. The ability to disrupt or degrade an adversary' s computers and information systems could render them inoperable or insert false information which, in turn, would significantly impair the enemy' s ability to communicate. If our military commanders could achieve this dominant remote control capability, all aspects of the enemy' s operations in the battlefield could be controlled to our advantage.
Within the Controlled Effects long term challenge, the S&T panel investigated the ability to tailor and deliver the most appropriate type and amount of energy onto targets of military significance to create a desired effect. Scientists are currently developing technologies to enable a number of first-generation applications. These include high-energy lasers, highpower microwaves, micro air vehicles, and some forms of antipersonnel systems. Others, like sensory deception and environmental energetics, are truly futuristic and require a great deal of research and development for far-term applications. Scientists will have to overcome technological hurdles, such as the production and storage of antimatter, the ability to propagate sensory information, or the ability to harness and extract energy from the environment, before these science fiction concepts will become reality. The technologies and applications described within the Controlled Effects long-term challenge will revolutionize the face of military conflict in the coming century.
Dismissing victims as crazy is not new. The August 31, 1997, New York Times Magazine article Atomic Guinea Pigs, discussed radiation experiment victims who were labeled "the crazies" by the Department of Energy officials until declassified government documents proved otherwise. Past illegal and unethical radiation experiments illustrate that the U.S. government is capable of wide scale, long-term, inhumane treatment by trusted officials.
The 2002 scandal involving Catholic priests sexually molesting young boys is analogous to mind control experiments and is a persuasive case of how terrible acts can be kept secret for years by a great and trusted organization. Many top Catholic officials kept the sexual molestations secret for years. See December 31, 2002, Los Angeles Times, Molestation Scandal Wrenched Church Hierarchy and Faithful. The sexual molestations took place for decades, on a large scale and were called "the greatest scandal in the history of the American Catholic Church." The molestations were not known by the public because the policy of the Catholic church was to ignore the problem. Surrounded by the denials of Catholic officials, the charges were unbelievable, horrific and extremely difficult to prove. Finally, widespread media coverage forced the very reluctant church in Rome to address the scandal. Mind control victims are in a similar situation.
The disclosure of the tobacco industry’s decades-long knowledge of the health risks of smoking and it’s addictive nature is also analogous to mind control experiments. Tobacco company officials at the highest levels condoned and contributed to the tobacco deaths of smokers while at the same time, making billions of dollars for over half a century. In 1994, top officials lied under oath to Congress stating they didn't believe cigarettes were addictive or caused cancer. Tobacco company documents contradicted their testimony.
In the information age, inhumane, even horrific acts and the complicity of the many silent bystanders does occur. Mind control experiments could happen today. The thousands of victims that contact Moreno are for the most part, alleging very advanced mind control EMR weapons targeting and Moreno completely rejected this viewpoint. The main lesson from this book for Mind Justice is to change the focus on how to work on this issue. A better strategy may be to work on gathering hard evidence such as detecting the alleged advanced electromagnetic signals used on victims to prove mind control allegations and to call for a thorough, impartial investigation.
Section 6
No thorough or impartial investigationsJon Ronson’s 2005 book, Men Who Stare at Goats is an entertaining yet unsettling examination of the serious issues in the mind control debate. Ronson interviewed military experts who say there are no advanced mind control weapons, just claims of nonsense and science fiction. Ronson guardedly concluded mind control weapons are possible, given that mind control patents have been bought up by the U.S. government. Ronson reported on allegations of mind control experiments by Guantanamo detainees and Iraqi prisoners of war and concluded we don’t know whether advanced mind control weapons really work although mind control research is known to be classified.
At a book talk, Ronson described alleged mind control experiments in Guantanamo and Iraq. April 14, 2005, Politics and Prose book store, Washington DC. Available from C-span, Book TV at www.booktv.org. Videotape # 186334;
. . . But what you see is all these nonlethal technologies. You see all these kind of nutty ideologies. All battling for supremacy like a kind of casserole of ideas -outside the church of Waco. And from the former detainees from Guantanamo Bay that I've interviewed it seems exactly the same things are going on there. I said to a man called Jamal al-Harith how do you feel, you know how did you feel at Guantanamo Bay and he said "I felt like a laboratory rat.” And he said, "I felt they were trying stuff out on me.”
And we know that the history of the army- in this room is Eric Olson whose father was victim to two of these think-tanky ideas- one known as MK-ULTRA, [with the drug, LSD used on unsuspecting victims] . . . and another think-tanky program called Artichoke, [involving the injection of heroin]. . .
. . . And one example is with Barney the purple dinosaur. When it was announced a year ago that they were rounding up prisoners of war in Iraq and blasting them with Barney the purple dinosaur, it was treated as a funny story, because, by all the major news networks in America, you know. . . the torture wasn't that bad. . . . It was disseminated as funny because who wants to replace a funny story with, as Eric [Olson] once said to me, with one that’s not fun.
. . . I was given seven photographs of a detainee who had just been given the Barney treatment as they called it. It was 48 hours of Barney with flashing strobe lights inside a shipping container in the desert heat. I mean this was the funny story of the war. [Ronson reads from his book] OK, So this is the description with the photograph of the man who had just been given the Barney Treatment. . . But I can say this. In the last photograph he is screaming so hard it almost looks as if he is laughing.
. . . The current chief of staff of the Army is a man called General Pete Shoemaker. . . . He's well known to have an interest in these paranormal esoteric military pursuits. . . . So now is the time when I know that these ideas go to the very top [levels of the military].
. . . One of the things you spoke of, the one that I have knowledge of is the frequencies. You can follow a trail of patents like footprints in the snow and the patents sometimes vanish into the world of military classification. And there's many patents bought up by a man called Dr. Oliver Lowry. . . . So we know that these patents have been bought up by the military. . . . And the detainees of Guantanamo I've spoken to speak of being blasted with frequencies, put inside music, high and low frequencies, masked with music.
. . . I think there's no doubt they're experimenting with this stuff. To add to that controversial suggestion. I think there's a good chance that even though they're trying this stuff out, it's not necessarily true that it works. Alot of this stuff doesn't work. This may or may not work. I don't know.
Tony Collins, author of the 1991 book Open Verdict, An Account of 25 Mysterious Deaths in the Defense Industry described plausible mind control allegations and an investigation that was never publicly solved. Tony Collins is executive editor of Computer Weekly. He worked for the BBC and national newspapers, such as Sunday Mirror. Twenty five Star Wars Marconi defense workers mysteriously died by suicide and strange accidents in the early 1980s in England. Collins wrote, "This book is about a new type of war, electronic war. . . . It is fought by . . . research students in universities and electronics engineers working for defense contractors. . . . It is a war that must be waged constantly during peacetime to maintain the upper hand. It is a war that must be waged in secrecy." Collins reported;
The companies and establishments where they worked are reluctant to give out details of any projects, even those already in the public domain. In addition, there are many other project, so called 'black' projects, which these organizations cannot even officially admit to. The secrecy surrounding the peacetime preparations for a future electronic war ensures that any attempt to prove or disprove a definite work link can be not more than a calculated stab in the dark.
. . . In May 1989, for example, eleven Russians and four Czechs were expelled from the UK for allegedly trying to obtain highly sensitive information about powerful microchips, radar, laser technology and advanced materials such as titanium and carbon fibers. These agents were reported to have approached the executive of defense contractors in a series of 'cash for secrets' deals. . . . Another theory . . . concerns the investigation into alleged fraud at Marconi. . . . This investigation [by the Ministry of Defense Police] has since resulted in charges being brought, . . . However there is not one scrap of evidence to suggest that any of the scientists named in the book were involved in fraud. . . . the deaths and disappearances of 28 defense workers is one of the most bizarre and enigmatic stories of the past decade."
Section 7
An old scientific con game:
if there is no scientific theory then there are no proven health effectsSeveral times in the book, Moreno dismissed the possibility of advanced mind control weapons because of the widely held belief that there is no generally accepted brain theory or worldwide consensus on how the brain works. On page 25-26 he wrote;
The process for manufacture of the atomic bomb is the classic example of science conducted in secret: the most important and highly classified scientific secret in history stayed secret only about four years, until the Soviets exploded their own device in 1949. For all the imagined and actual espionage activity around the bomb, competent physicists only had to study the published literature to get the main ideas.
Published literature contains notable EMR theories
The first counterargument to Moreno's claim is that there are notable EMR theories that form the basis for EMR mind control weapons. In 1939, a Nobel prize winner, I.I. Rabi did study the published literature and made an important discovery. Russian scientists were reporting similar EMR research at about the same time. The December 29, 1939 New York Post article We're All Radio Stations, Columbia Scientists Reports, All Atoms, in Humans or in Steel, Found to Emit and Receive Long Waves described Rabi's discovery;
Columbus, Ohio, Dec. 29 (AP).--Every living thing on earth is a radio broadcasting and receiving set unconsciously sending out and receiving long-wave wireless messages.
Professor L L Rabi, Dr. P. Kusch and Dr. S. Millman of Columbia University told the American Association for the Advancement of Science today that all atoms, whether part of the heart tissue of man or a piece of steel, constantly emit radio waves which can be detected and measured.
Even death of an animal organism does not mean the stopping of activity, they said, since the atoms which form part of the living cell continue to emit radiation after the organism as a whole has ceased to function.
The Columbia scientists measured these radio waves from atoms for the first time and found them similar to the action of visible light, though the waves are much shorter and can be detected only by delicate apparatus. The method was used also in exact studies of the nucleus of the atom.
All nuclei of atoms and the particles which surround them spin much like a toy top. The spinning is irregular, the particles of the atoms jumping with the speed of light from one point to another. "The radio waves which we have studied are emitted when the atoms pass from one of these states to another," they said.
In their experiments, the Columbia scientists measured these radio waves with an accuracy 10,000 times better than has ever before been achieved, by shooting particles of atoms at high speed between two magnets.
Rabi is one of nine scientists described in the 1996 book The Pioneers of NMR and Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: the Story of MRI by James Mattson and Merrill Simon, Bar-Ilan University Press. The book jacket stated, "Rabi played a key role in propagating the "new physics" [new quantum mechanics] to his American colleagues. His 1937 discovery of magnetic resonance in molecular beams earned him the 1944 Nobel Prize in physics for his resonance method or radiofrequency spectroscopy.
In 1926, V.I. Vernadskii, called the father of the Soviet Bomb stated;
Only a few of the invisible radiations are known to us at presently. We have hardly begun to realize their diversity and the scrappy nature and inadequacy of our knowledge of the radiations which surround us and pass through us in the biosphere, and to understand their basic roles in the processes going on around us, a role which is difficult to comprehend by minds accustomed to other conceptions of the universe." "We are surrounded and penetrated, at all times and in all places, by eternally changing, combining and opposing radiations of different wavelengths-from ten millionths of a millimeter to several kilometers.
A.G. Gurvich, founder of a leading Soviet school of biophysics was conducting EMR research in Russia in 1920s and 30s. Vernadsky worked with Gurvich. Vernadsky quotes were used in Russian scientific journals. A famous Russian military slogan based on Vernadsky's work was "He who controls the entire electromagnetic spectrum will dominate the world."
Rabi was chairman of the original Science Advisory Committee from 1953 to 1957 and a member of the Presidential Scientific Advisory Committee (PSAC) until 1968. He was assistant director of the MIT radar lab and worked on classified radar research during WWII. An article by Allan A. Needell entitled I.I. Rabi, Lloyd V. Berkner and the American Rehabilitation of European Science, 1945-1954 stated; " Following the war, Rabi, with J. Robert Oppenheimer, was among the most influential participants in the debate over the control of postwar American atomic energy policy." The article continued;
[Rabi was ] chairman of the "Scientific Adviser to the Policy Council" of the Pentagon's Joint Research and Development Board (JRDB). Among its duties was to advise the service secretaries (after 1948 the secretary of defense) on issues of long-term planning as well as the implications of scientific and technological advances for military strategy." The advisers assisted the founders of the Central Intelligence Group (forerunner of the CIA) in staffing a scientific intelligence branch.
The scientists in the 1940s up to the present have been strategizing on national security. Top US scientists from the 1940s were monitoring scientific discoveries and no doubt knew of Russian developments of EMR technology. Needell's article continued;
In January 1949 President Truman formally approved National Security Council Intelligence Directive 10 (NSCID), which assigned to the Department of State "primary responsibility for the collection abroad for all government agencies of information in the basic sciences." Lloyd Berkner was named to direct a detailed study of science-related organization in 1949. Berkner began a survey of the "International Flow of Scientific Information" and enlisted the National Academy of Sciences (to which he had recently been elected) and its government service arm, the National Research Council. Berkner appointed Rabi to an advisory committee. Detlev Bronk selected Rabi to serve on the National Research Council Committee (NRC). "The NRC committee quickly endorsed establishing and staffing science missions in major foreign embassies throughout the world.
Needell continued;
The Berkner Report was devoted to advance American national security interests. Berkner remarked in 1950 that " while the unclassified portion [of the recent report] has been designed to stand alone, it should be considered as a cover for the classified section. Although the secret section to which he referred cannot be located in State Department files, Berkner hints that science could be profitably tapped to accomplish the political goals of the United States and that "according to his proposal, the State Department would have a [scientifically knowledgeable] 'staff' or a monitoring function in relation to [our] diverse interests. Berkner explained, he meant that, while traveling, scientists could be briefed prior to their departure and debriefed upon their return. "The debriefing," he emphasized, "should be handled carefully by scientists in such a way as not to suggest that the information is to be used merely in the nationalistic sense.
Needell's article concluded that;
Berkner and Rabi remained close associates on matters of national security for years to come. Each contributed to important studies for national security agencies. Instead, many scientists became concerned with promoting their influence within the U.S. government and, more generally, building an institutional framework for cooperation between government and outside experts. More fundamental was the deep commitment of American scientists to working, often in secret, for the government.
The renown physicist Freeman Dyson, described a general mind control scientific theory for decades into the future. The theory also contained the basic ideas put forth by I.I. Rabi. Dyson was a member of the JASONs, a high-level group of physicists, whose advice is usually classified and routinely sought by the Department of Defense. Dyson explained that his theory is not science fiction. He wrote, "there is no law of physics that declares that such an observational tool [to transmit reports of neural events to receivers outside] to be impossible." This raises doubts about Moreno's unwavering conclusion.
Dyson commented in an article in the April 25, 1997 International Herald Tribune Book Review, Imagined Worlds, by Rudy Rucker; "After the organization of the central nervous system has been explored and understood, the way will be open to develop and use the technology of electromagnetic brain signals." Dyson described his mind control theory in the 1997 book, Imagined Worlds;
. . . The chief barrier to progress in neurophysiology is the lack of observational tools. To understand in depth what is going on in the brain, we need tools that can fit inside or between the neurons and transmit reports of neural events to receivers outside. . . . observing instruments. . . with rapid response, high band-width and high spacial resolution. . . There is no law of physics that declares that such an observational tool to be impossible.
We know that high-frequency electromagnetic signals can be propagated through brain tissue for distances of the order of centimeters. We know that microscopic generators and receivers of electromagnetic radiation are possible.
We know that modern digital data-handling technology is capable of recording and analyzing the signals emerging from millions of tiny transmitters simultaneously. All that is lacking in order to transform these possibilities into an effective observational tool is the neurological equivalent of integrated-circuit technology. We need a technology that allows us to build and deploy large arrays of small transmitters inside a living brain, just as integrated-circuit technology allows us to build large arrays of small transistors on a chip of silicon.
. . .Radioneurology is in principle only an extension of the existing technology of magnetic resonance imaging, which also used radio-frequency magnetic fields to observe neural structures. A rough estimate based on the available band-width indicates that a million transmitters could be monitored through each patch of brain surface with size equal to the radio wave-length.
This article described EMR mind reading and injecting thoughts via EMR signals as "grounded in current science." This research was funded by intelligence agencies and NASA and portions of the research were classified as secret by the U.S. government. The research was based on Rabi and Dyson's general theories. The details of an EMR mind control theory are almost certainly classified, an option that Moreno did not write about. U.S. News and World Report, January, 3 2000, John Norseen, Reading and changing your mind;
[Lockheed Martin neuroengineer in Intelligent Systems Division] Norseen's interest in the brain stems from a Soviet book he read in the mid-1980s, claiming that research on the mind would revolutionize the military and society at large. [He] coined the term "Biofusion" to cover his plans to map and manipulate [the brain] leading to advances in . . . national security . . . and . . . would be able to convert thoughts into computer commands by deciphering the brain's electrical activity. BioFusion would reveal the fingerprints of the brain by using mathematical models, . . . It sounds crazy, . . .
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, . . . have all awarded. . . . research contracts to Norseen. Norseen is waiting to hear if the second stage of these contracts-portions of them classified- comes through. Norseen's theories are grounded in current science. . . . By MRI, scientists can tell what the person was doing at the time of the recording. . . . Emotions from love to hate can be recognized from the brain's electrical activity. . . .
Norseen predicts profiling by brain print will be in place by 2005. . . . Norseen would like to draw upon Russian brain-mimicking software and American brain -mapping breakthroughs to allow that communication to take place in a less invasive way. A modified helmet could record a pilot's brainwaves. "When you say right 090 degrees . . . the computer would see that electrical pattern in the brain and turn the plane 090 degrees. If the pilot misheard instructions to turn 090 degrees and was thinking "080 degrees," the helmet would detect the error, then inject the right number via electromagnetic waves."
'No scientific evidence' equals no problem exists
There is a second counterargument to Moreno’s claim of no consensus on a theory for EMR mind control weapons. Moreno's claim is a widely-held belief and is also an old scientific tactic used for example, by tobacco companies to suppress known health effects linked to smoking for decades in order to maintain their profits and avoid lawsuits. Tobacco companies claimed for years that there was no direct cause and effect evidence and no theory on which to base claims by doctors of observed serious health problems found in their smoking patients. Tobacco companies made huge profits while denying for decades that smoking was linked to cancer deaths or was addictive.
Moreno and the public were fooled by experts with an agenda who put forth this often used but inaccurate scientific argument. Contrary to the tobacco company claims, a scientific theory is not essential for making scientific discoveries. Empirical scientific research is the well accepted scientific method of relying or basing a new discovery or finding solely on experiment and observation rather than theory. EMR weapons could be developed without a scientific theory, using the empirical method of research. In addition tobacco companies withheld scientific research that supported the link between smoking and health effects and addiction.
Another example of this effective scientific tactic is the analogy to atomic bomb scientists who controlled the scientific information, and suppressed and denied known health risks from ionizing radiation. Most radiation victims who were exposed to radiation from atomic bomb tests lost their legal battle based on the systematic and egregious lying by government science experts. Government scientists denied health effects from ionizing radiation, claiming a lack of scientific proof for a causal connection to alleged ill health effects while the government suppressed or classified government documents that proved otherwise. This scientific tactic was very successful.
In the 1994 book Myths of August: A Personal Exploration of Our Tragic Cold War Affair with the Atom, Stewart Udall described his unsuccessful legal battles with the U.S. government over scientific evidence and classified government documents. Publisher's Weekly stated;
Above-ground nuclear bomb tests in Nevada after WW II made human guinea pigs of civilians living downwind in several western states, as later revealed by thousands of cases of radiation-induced cancer, childhood leukemia, burns and birth defects. In an expose of the government's decades-long policy of public deception concerning the hazards of radiation, Udall, secretary of the interior under JFK and LBJ and a former congressman from Arizona, condemns the U.S. nuclear testing program as a violation of the Nuremberg Code. He also describes his protracted struggle as a lawyer, beginning in 1979, representing the widows of Navajo uranium miners who developed cancer.
Contrary to U.S. government claims or to tobacco company claims, a scientific theory is not essential for making scientific findings or discoveries. One final example, the U.S. military withheld information about possible links between Agent Orange and birth defects, and downplayed the defoliant's link to cancer. This was reported in the Sacramento Bee November 1, 1998, page A4. There are many more examples. Advanced EMR weapons could be developed and the theory could be classified. In addition, advanced EMR weapons could be developed without a known scientific theory, using the empirical method of scientific research.
The continuous discovery and subsequent classifying of mind reading and EMR weapons
In addition there is strong evidence of classified government mind control programs that could be advanced. According to a 1976 Los Angeles Times article, mind reading has been a classified technology for over thirty years. Since the 1970s, whenever mind reading technology is developed and published in unclassified science literature, the research is subsequently classified by intelligence agencies. The March 29th 1976 Los Angeles Times article, Mind Reading Machine Tells Secrets of the Brain Sci-Fi Comes True by Norman Kempster reported;
. . . Since 1973, a little-known Pentagon agency has been studying ways to plug a computer into an individual's bran waves or electroencephalograph (EEG) signals in the scientist's lexicon. The Advanced Research Projects Agency says the $1 million-a-year program has passed its initial laboratory tests and is ready for determination of its military uses. . . .
Other applications of the EEG may come much sooner. It may be only a matter of time before the machines will be able to read a person's brain waves to determine just what he is thinking. . . .George H. Heilmeier, director of the research agency, dropped tantalizing hints about the EEG program in his annual report to Congress. Although he has provided few details, enough has been said about the program to raise some questions.
For example, could these systems be used to read the minds of prisoners of war or to pick the brains of unsuspecting American citizens. Highly unlikely, agency scientists say. For one thing, the EEG must be individually calibrated. Brain-wave graphs mean different things for different persons. So it is necessary to obtain a baseline graph by having each individual think a specific series of thoughts. "It is quick and easy to make the calibration but it must be done for each individual." one scientist explained. Besides, under present programs, it is necessary to place electrodes on the individual's head. It does not hurt but it could scarcely be done secretly.
At MIT, however, scientists are studying magnetic brain waves that can produce graphs much like the electrical brain waves now being measured. Scientists for the research agency say it may be possible to pick up magnetic waves a foot or two from the subject's head, perhaps by placing a receiver in the back of a chair. Could these waves be projected over distances greater than a few feet? "We are now talking about a foot or several feet," one scientist said. "But the research agency has a pretty good idea of what it could be doing in the 1980s. . . .
This 2001 mind reading research was subsequently classified. In an October 2001 Signal Magazine article, Decoding Minds, Foiling Adversaries, John Norseen of Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company declared, “We are at the point where this database has been developed enough that we can use a single electrode or something like an airport security system where there is a dome above our head to get enough information that we can know the number you’re thinking, . . .” In the December 9, 2001, New York Times article, The Year in Ideas: A TO Z.; The Lie Detector That Scans Your Brain, Clive Thompson reported;
John Norseen, a scientist with Lockheed Martin, is often able to discern when subjects are thinking of particular numbers. He predicts that by 2005, brain mappers will be able to automatically scan the skulls of everyone going through airports to search for potential hijackers. . . . But after the Sept. 11 attacks, the FBI and CIA are taking a closer look at brain mapping. And the Department of Defense is helping finance Norseen's research.
The November 12, 2000 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Pennsylvania) article, Lecture on Brain Mapping Scheduled for Wednesday by Dave Zuchowski, reported that Norseen can actually demonstrate the technology. This is important because many claims of mind control technology are overblown and never pan out. The article stated; "During his lecture, Norseen plans to demonstrate some of his research by engaging the audience in experiments. For instance, he'll ask someone from the audience to close their eyes and think of a number. By looking at the mathematical display that's produced, he should be able to tell what the number is."
Successful demonstrations of EMR bioeffects
Here is an example of a theoretically proven mind control weapon that was demonstrated on the 1998 Learning Channel TV program, Ultrascience III, Spies Are Us, Beyond Productions. Dr. James Lin, "a world authority on microwave hearing" demonstrated the phenomena of microwave hearing. Pulses of microwaves are generated behind Dr. Lin and are absorbed by his brain and picked up by Dr. Lin's hearing mechanisms in his head. Dr. Lin stated that he could hear the microwave pulses, while no one outside the beam can hear the microwave pulses. Professor Lin stated it is possible, theoretically possible that one could embed or encode a message on a microwave signal in order to communicate via microwave hearing.
Here is another actual demonstration proven on animals. The November 1985, CNN news broadcast, Special Assignment, Weapons of War, Is there an RF Gap? by Chuck DeCaro. Dr. Ross Adey discussed a demonstration of the 1950s Russian Lida machine, which used electromagnetic energy to put Russian psychiatric patients to sleep, as a substitute for tranquilizers and to treat neurotic disturbances. Adey stated that it worked on cats and dogs and put them to sleep. The Defense and Foreign Affairs Daily, Jun 7, 1983, Vol. XII, Number 104, Psy-War: Soviet Device Experiment by Dr. Stefan Possony reported; ". . . Dr. Ross Adey, chief of research at Loma Linda . . . started testing the machine [the Lida] . . . the device is on loan to Dr. Ross Adey. "The machine is technically described as a distant pulse treatment apparatus. It generates 40 megahertz radiowaves which stimulate the brain's electromagnetic activity at substantially lower frequencies."
CNN news broadcast, Special Assignment by Chuck DeCaro, Weapons of War, Is there an RF Gap?, November 1985. This program featured a demonstration of EMR weapons effects on humans. Dr. Bill van Bise, electrical engineer, conducted a demonstration of Soviet scientific data and schematics for beaming a magnetic field into the brain to cause visual hallucinations. The demonstration on reporter Chuck DeCaro was successful. Dr. van Bise stated, "In three weeks, I could put together a device [weapon] that would take care of a whole town." Reporter Chuck DeCaro was blindfolded and his ears were blocked for sound in an experiment using Soviet specifications for equipment capable of generating specific but very weak magnetic signals designed to cause visual 'hallucinations'. DeCaro stated, "A parabola just went by. . . . I could see wave forms changing shape as they went by."
Some EMR expert scientists, including Dr. Becker who appeared in the 1985 CNN news broadcast , have reported consequences for speaking out on the EMR technologies. For example, while the military denied nonthermal bioeffects of EMR during the Cold War, Becker disagreed and described his 1970s loss of government funding for nonthermal EMR bioeffect research in his 1990 book entitled, Crosscurrents, Perils of Electropollution.
Eldon Byrd also appeared in the 1985 CNN news broadcast and reported that his unclassified EMR government research was subsequently classified. Byrd was quoted in the US News and World Report, July 7th 1997, Wonder Weapons, The Pentagon's Quest for Nonlethal Arms is Amazing. But is it Smart? by Douglas Pasternak. Here is the complete quote on page 45-46;
Low-frequency sleep
From 1980 to 1983, a man named Eldon Byrd ran the Marine Corps Nonlethal Electromagnetic Weapons Project. He conducted most of his research at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute in Bethesda, Md. "We were looking at electrical activity in the brain and how to influence it," he says. Byrd, a specialist in medical engineering and bioeffects, funded small research projects, including a paper on vortex weapons by Obolensky. He conducted experiments on animals-and even on himself-to see if brain waves would move into sync with waves impinging on them from the outside. (he found that they would, but the effect was short lived.)
By using very low frequency electromagnetic radiation-the waves way below radio frequencies on the electromagnetic spectrum-he found he could induce the brain to release behavior-regulating chemicals. "We could put animals into a stupor," he says, by hitting them with these frequencies. "we got chick brains-in vitro-to dump 80 percent of the natural opiods in their brains," Byrd says. He even ran a small project that used magnetic fields to cause certain brain cells in rats to release histamine. In humans, this would cause instant flulike symptoms and produce nausea. "These fields were extremely weak. They were undetectable," says Byrd. "The effects were nonlethal and reversible. You could disable a person temporarily," Byrd hypothesizes. "It [would have been] like a stun gun."
Byrd never tested any of his hardware in the field, and his program, scheduled for four years, apparently was closed down after two, he says. "The work was really outstanding," he grumbles. "We would have had a weapon in one year." Byrd says he was told his work would be unclassified, "unless it works." Because it worked, he suspects that the program "went black." Other scientists tell similar tales of research on electromagnetic radiation turning top secret once successful results were achieved. There are clues that such work is continuing. In 1995, the annual meeting of four-star US Air Force generals-called -CORONA-reviewed more than 1,000 potential projects. One was called 'Put the Enemy to Sleep/Keep the Enemy/From Sleeping. It called for exploring 'acoustics,' 'microwaves,' and 'brain-wave manipulation' to alter sleep patterns. It was one of only three projects approved for initial investigation.
Moreno and others believe the lack of theories and deployment of EMR weapons is proof that there are no advanced mind control weapons. But the above general theories, the continuous discovery and subsequent classifying of mind reading and EMR weapons, and the successful demonstrations of EMR bioeffects research are indications of successful EMR research and weapons. The indications taken together and covering a fifty year time period are arguably a strong indication of advanced government EMR mind control weapons and that EMR mind control weapons theory will remain classified.
Now there is new military interest in EMR nonthermal bioeffects weapons research. This article clearly supports that EMR weapons are scientifically feasible, are likely successful and do work, contrary to numerous official government statements. The Russian research described below would indicate that the U.S., for national security reasons, would also have to develop EMR weapons. November 24, 2006, Defense Tech Directed Energy, US Bioelectromagnetic Weapons Research by David Hambling, posted at www.defensetech.org.
Could new weapons stun or paralyze with a beam of radio energy? I have discussed proposals for 'bioelectromagnetic weaponry' in Defence Tech before, here and here, but for the first time details are emerging of Air Force-sponsored work in this field. This report, entitled Interdisciplinary research project to explore the potential for developing non- lethal weapons based on radiofrequency/microwave bioeffects -- states their goal:
Our research is to lay the foundation for developing non-lethal stunning/immobilizing weaponry based on radiofrequency (RF)/microwave(MW) radiation by identifying RF/MW parameters potentially capable of selectively altering exocytosis, the process underlying neurotransmitter release and hence nervous system functioning.
. . .The researchers at the University of Nevada have concluded that non-thermal effects of RF do exist and may be harnessed. In an abstract here (on page 317)- a study of Non-Thermal effects of RF Radiation on Exocytosis - states "The effects of RF exposure on catecholamine release that have been observed to date cannot be explained by an increase in temperature."
And there's more. Other work by the same team, is described here
It will also support a DEPSCoR- funded program that extends those studies to include microwave frequencies and to explore the effect of pulsed and CW RE/microwave exposure on skeletal muscle contractility.
The suggestion is that a correctly tuned beam of microwaves (possibly pulsed or modulated) would be able to interefere with skeletal muscles. This might ultimately give a means of producing the same sort of non-lethal effects as a Taser -- but potentially from much greater range and over a wide area.
So far, the work has been entirely on 'in vitro' cell samples in the laboratory, and only modest alterations in cell function have been produced. This is a very long way from being able to actually influence a living creature. Any suggestion that this sort of weapon has already been fielded by the US should be treated with skepticism. . . .
Everything is in very early stages in the US program. But, as I mentioned a while back, the Russians have been looking at this technology for years. Dr. Vitaly N. Makukhin of the Trymas Center in Moscow has published papers on "Electronic equipment for complex influence on biological objects" which he claims can produce effects including "disorder of the autonomic nervous system." Few people have taken him seriously in the West before. Now that the same sort of effects are being confirmed in US labs, perhaps we will start taking more of an interest in what this type of weapon may be able to do.
Section 8
EMR mind control weapons more powerful than the atomic bombMoreno doesn't put any weight into the evidence that nations would go to great lengths to develop mind control weapons. Gregg Herken, Smithsonian curator is representative of the numerous comments about the ultimate power and impact of future government mind control weapons. This is rhetoric but it provides a glimpse of what nations want for future weapons. Herken reviewed a book about the supersecret U.S. NRO or National Reconnaissance Office, an intelligence directorate for satellites. In the April 6, 2003 Boston Globe book review of Secret Empire: Eisenhower, the CIA, and the Hidden Story of America’s Space Espionage by Philip Taubman, New York Times editor, Herken wrote;
. . . Despite the faults and failures that Taubman cites, it is difficult to imagine how the United States will become less reliant upon its eyes-and ears-in-the-sky. Instead, The NRO’s wizards in Chantilly, VA., are no doubt looking forward to the day when they will have the ultimate in technical collection capability: a satellite that can see into the mind of the likes of Saddam Hussein or Osama bin Laden.
The Nature reviewer of Moreno's book wrote; "Partly because its activities are more visible, Moreno focuses especially on the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which supports unclassified academic research with potential military applications. DARPA has a distinguished record of supporting innovation, including the Internet, so its involvement in brain research must be taken seriously.” Moreno failed to mention the following DARPA research. This DARPA scientist compared weapons that can control the mind as better than the atomic bomb. The scientist further stated that "you can get into the brain with microwaves" and he discussed Soviet EMR bioeffects research as a serious threat to the U.S.
A freedom of information act request for further information was still being processed over three years later. In the May 22, 1988 Washington AP, article entitled, Looking at The Moscow Signal, the Zapping of an Embassy 35 years later, The Mystery Lingers, Barton Reppert reported;
[Richard S.] Cesaro, [deputy director for advanced sensors at the Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency] helped run the classified [1960s] Project Pandora, in which monkeys were exposed to a 'synthetic Moscow signal' in a laboratory at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.
. . . Cesaro, in an interview prior to his death two years ago, contended that "in our experiments we did some remarkable things. And there was no question in my mind that you can get into the brain with microwaves.
Arguing that the Soviet bloc's investment of funds, personnel and laboratory facilities in research on non-ionizing radiation bioeffects has far outstripped the West's, he said, "I look at it as still a major, serious, unsettled threat to the security of the United States, . . . If you really make the breakthrough, you've got something better than any bomb ever built, because when you finally come down the line you're talking about controlling people's minds,"
Robert Oppenheimer, the scientist who developed the atomic bomb, spoke about the terrifying power of mind control, even more powerful than the atomic bomb. In The American Psychologist Analogy in Science, Oppenheimer wrote of a paper he presented to the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA on September 4, 1955. Oppenheimer stated;
There are other ways in which we are brothers. In the last ten years the physicists have been extraordinarily noisy about the immense powers which, largely through their efforts, but through other efforts as well, have come into the possession of man, powers notably and strikingly for very large-scale and dreadful destruction.
We have spoken of our responsibilities and of our obligations to society in terms that sound to me very provincial, because the psychologist can hardly do anything without realizing that for him the acquisition of knowledge opens up the most terrifying prospects of controlling what people do and how they think and how they behave and how they feel.
This is true for all of you who are engaged in practice, and as the corpus of psychology gains in certitude, and subtlety and skill, I can see that the physicist's plea is that what he discovers be used with humanity and be used wisely will seem rather trivial compared to those pleas which you will have to make and for which you will have to be responsible.
Section 9
Technological obstacles can be overcomeMoreno discussed another widely-held belief that enormous technological obstacles prevent current development of mind control or mind reading capabilities and also human surveillance.
As with the Manhattan project and the government project to put a man on the moon, scientific breakthroughs can be achieved with Apollo-like government programs. There are no known technologies for the ability to record brain activity at a distance and with high precision or the ability to alter it at a distance, again with high precision. But thought reading capabilities from a distance of several feet and EMR weapons targeting capabilities at battlefield distances were reported in the 1976 Los Angeles Times article, previously cited and the 1990 International Review of the Red Cross article below. The 1980s article cited below on EMR warfare described general technical details for remote targeting and sensing of soldiers at battlefield disances. Remote sensing of humans is a 2003 goal of U.S. Special Operations Command. This is one of the rare times this goal has been cited in a government document. The existence of the National Reconnaissance Office, known as the NRO was classified since 1961 and only became public knowledge in the 1992. Although extremely difficult to imagine, a Manhattan mind control project is within the realm of possibilities.
In the November 1, 1990, International Review of the Red Cross The Development of New Antipersonnel Weapons, Louise Doswald-Beck and Gerald C. Cauderay explain how an antenna system to remotely target a soldier at battlefield distances with EMR weapons would work.
However it is important to mention that the lethal or incapacitating effects which can be expected from weapon systems using this technology can be produce with much lower energy levels. Using the principle of magnetic field concentration, which permits the control of the geometry on the target, by means of antenna systems especially designed for the purpose, the radiated energy can be concentrated on very small surfaces of the human body, for example the base of the brain where relatively low energy can produce lethal effects.
. . . Research work has also revealed that pathological effects close to those induced by highly toxic substances could be produced by electromagnetic radiation even at very low power, especially those using a pulse shape containing a large number of different frequencies.
. . . Some research seems to have confirmed that low-level electromagnetic fields, modulated to be similar to normal brainwaves, could seriously affect brain function. Experiments with pulsed magnetic fields carried out in animals have reportedly produced specific effects such as inducing sleep and triggering anxiety or aggressiveness, depending on the modulation of the frequency used.
It is, on the other hand, well known that lethal effects can also be produced by using higher power levels than those used for the experiments on behavior modification. An anti-personnel weapon based on such biophysical principles could produce similar effects to those of a nerve gas, but would have no secondary effects and leave no lasting trace.
Not surprisingly, scientific theories, let alone technical details on transmitting and detecting human electromagnetic radiation signals are hard to find. It is known in the open literature that remote transmitting and detecting of human signals are not science fiction. Zhijun Wei, a UC Davis electrical engineering student evaluated this 1988 German think tank article on battlefield use of antipersonnel EMR weapons. Wei concluded; "In order to have enough energy to reach the target, high power sources and highly directional antenna are key technologies. The weapons described below are possible and provide a glimpse of what future warfare may be like."
The 1988, Executive Intelligence Review Special Report, Electromagnetic-Effect Weapons: The Technology and the Strategic Implications, editor, Michael Liebig, EIR News Service Inc., 317 Pennsylvania Ave. S.E., 2nd Floor, Washington, DC 20003 Page 14-17;
Holography and Electromagnetic Warfare
As our discussion of biological